Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia - (Phylum) Chordata - (Class) Mammalia

Subsequent positions

Phocoidea (Superfamily) Gray, 1821

Original entries

Questionably Cystophorinae (Subfamily) Gray, 1837
Questionably Lobodontinae (Subfamily) (Gray, 1869) Hay, 1930
Questionably Monachinae (Subfamily) Gray, 1869
Questionably Odobeninae (Subfamily) Allen, 1880
Questionably Phocinae (Subfamily) Gray, 1821

Current position

Phocoidea (Superfamily) Gray, 1821

Ref: M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997: 254.

Alternative positions

Arctoidea (Superfamily) Flower, 1869	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: 634.
Caniformia (Suborder) Kretzoi, 1943	Ref: D.E. Wilson & D.M. Reeder, 2011: 59.
Carnivora (Order) Bowdich, 1821	Ref: J. van der Land, 2001: 376.
Musteloidea (Superfamily) Batsch, 1788	Ref: A.F. DeBlase, 1982: 1042.
Pinnipedia (Infraorder) Illiger, 1811	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2015: 445.
Pinnipedia (Parvorder) Illiger, 1811	Ref: C.J. Burgin et al., 2020: table 2 (p. 27).

Historical positions

Pinnipedia (Parvorder) Illiger, 1811	Ref: C.J. Burgin et al., 2020: table 2 (p. 27).
Pinnipedia (Infraorder) Illiger, 1811	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2015: 445.
Caniformia (Suborder) Kretzoi, 1943	Ref: D.E. Wilson & D.M. Reeder, 2011: 59.
Pinnipedia (Infraorder) Illiger, 1811	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2005: 402.
Caniformia (Suborder) Kretzoi, 1943	Ref: W.C. Wozencraft, 2005: 595.
Carnivora (Order) Bowdich, 1821	Ref: J. van der Land, 2001: 376.
Pinnipedia (Suborder) Illiger, 1811	Ref: 2000
Phocoidea (Superfamily) Gray, 1821	Ref: M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997: 254.
Carnivora (Order) Bowdich, 1821	Ref: 1995
Carnivora (Order) Bowdich, 1821	Ref: W.C. Wozencraft, 1993: 329; 6.
Pinnipedia (Order) Illiger, 1811	Ref: G.B. Corbet & J.E. Hill, 1991: 116.
Arctoidea (Superfamily) Flower, 1869	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: 634.
Musteloidea (Superfamily) Batsch, 1788	Ref: A.F. DeBlase, 1982: 1042-1043.
Phocoidea (Superfamily) Gray, 1821	Ref: B. Grzimek, 1973-1975

Number of Subtaxa

2024	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	13g;18s;14ss; ‡1s; †21g;2s
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000: 20 Feb 2022	[13g;18s;14ss; †21g]
2011	D.E. Wilson & D.M. Reeder: 59	13g;19s
2005	W.C. Wozencraft: 601	[13g;18s;14ss; ‡1s]
1997	M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell	[11g; †39g]
1993	W.C. Wozencraft	10g;19[18]s; ‡[1s]
1991	G.B. Corbet & J.E. Hill	[10g];19[18]s; ‡[1s]
1982	A.F. DeBlase	10g;19s